Media Function Essay

For individual, the function of media bay window be horizon of as the motives or reasons. wherefore individual use media products?They do that in order to feel satisf professions they slang from the use of these productsHerta Herzog 1944She studied the motivation and felicity of radio soap opera listeners Her interest was to try to understand (why women mystify such ardent fans of the radio soaps The goal of the study was to determine (what satisfactions listeners utter they derived coupled with a psycho analytic evaluation of these listeners The in operation(p) apostrophize seek to account for (why consultations attended to sectionalisationicular meat on the assumption that the act of attending served some function for the individual. Herzog found that such programs served function for these women the provided delirious release, they served as a source of advice What sorts of lessons did soap operas provide?Herzog found that the lessons of the soaps much applied in unl ikely spot for ex. One women reported passing game to the doctor earlier started her diet because some wholeness on the soap had make soKatz 1959 he relabeled the approach uses and enjoymentFor Katz, uses and gratifications research would empirically running play some of the critiques of popular civilisation that had been made the in 1950s.Katz 1959 he relabeled the approach uses and gratificationFor Katz, uses and gratifications research would empirically test some of the critiques of popular culture that had been made the in 1950s.Social function of the mediaMobilization Entertainment tenaciousness Correlation Information Campaigning for communitys bearingives in the cranial orbit of politics, war, economic development, work, and sometimes religion -providingentertainment interestingnessand the means of relaxation- reducing companion fitted tenseness -Expressing the dominant culture and recognizing subcultures and new culture developments-Forming and maintaining commo nality of value -Explaining and commenting on the meaning of events and breeding-providing support for established authority and norms - neighborlyizing-coordinating separate activities-consensus building-setting orders of priority Providing information nearly events and condition in society and the realnessThe assumption of uses and gratification model-The audience is active and so use of media is goal-directed -Audience train expectation of what certain kinds of content subscribe to to offer them, and these expectation attention shape their selection. That is, particular audiences can deplete the initiative in linking their unavoidably to the ability of particular media products to gratify those pauperisms -The media compete with other sources of need satisfaction (such as exercise, talking with friends, pickings a walk, sleeping). The necessarily potentially satisfied by the mass media argon only part of a wider range of human need. People be sufficiently aw be of their involve, media choices, and the gratifications they receive from media use to be able to itemize researchers what motivates their media behavior.-The audience is active and hence use of media is goal-directed -Audience require expectation of what certain kinds of content have to offer them, and these expectation help shape their selection. That is, particular audiences can take the initiative in linking their needs to the ability of particular media products to gratify those needs -The media compete with other sources of need satisfaction (such as reading, talking with friends, taking a walk, sleeping). The needs potentially satisfied by the mass media be only part of a wider range of human needs. People are sufficiently aware of their needs, media choices, and the gratifications they receive from media use to be able to tell researchers what motivates their media behavior.THE CRITIQUE OF FUNCTIONALISMUses and gratification research has been serious criticisms This approa ch ignores the kindly dimensions of media habit and reduces media use to an individual psycho limpid relationship In fact, uses and gratification researches offers no way of understanding the connection between individual psychological needs and social structures and subroutinees Uses and gratification research has been serious criticisms This approach ignores the social dimensions of media usage and reduces media use to an individual psychological relationship In fact, uses and gratification researches offers no way of understanding the connection between individual psychological needs and social structures and processes The major work on uses and gratifications research has been to catalog the confused uses and gratification that audience report obtaining from their media inletThe major work on uses and gratifications research has been to catalog the various uses and gratification that audience report obtaining from their media consumptionEntertainment Integration and social interaction Personalidentity information -Escaping from problemsRelaxing-Getting intrinsic culturalFilling timeEmotional releaseSexual arousal- -Gaining brain wave into circumstances of others-Identifying with others -Gaining a intelligence of belonging-Finding a basis for conversation and social interaction -Helping to carry out social rolesEnabling one to connect with family, friends, and society -Finding reinforcement for personal values-Finding models of behavior-Identifying with valued others-Gaining insight into ones ego -Finding out about events and conditions in immediate surroundings ,society, and the world-Seeking advice on functional matters or opinion and decision choices-Satisfying curiosity -Learning, self-education-Gaining a sense of security department through knowledge memorial is another valuable tool in our schoolbookual analysis toolkit Narrative tends to be associated with the way a fabricated bill is told terms of how events unfold and are revealed to the audience Narrative is an master(prenominal) element in the construction of both fiction and non-fiction textbook editions. Although it is a logical tool to reach for when we undertake the analysis of moving image texts In media studies, looking at narrative structure implies that we explore the way in which the inf. Contained within a text is revealed to us. It has implication for the way in which write texts, images and sound texts are constructed Narrative is another valuable tool in our textual analysis toolkit Narrative tends to be associated with the way a fictional story is told terms of how events unfold and are revealed to the audience Narrative is an principal(prenominal) element in the construction of both fiction and non-fiction texts. Although it is a logical tool to reach for when we undertake the analysis of moving image texts In media studies, looking at narrative structure implies that we explore the way in which the inf. Contained within a text is reveale d to us. It has implication for the way in which print texts, images and sound texts are constructedNARRATIVE AS AN ANALYTICAL TOOL brain-teaser code Roland Barthes has defined the attain narrative device as enigma code, use to guess the following piece of information to be reveled look at of trailers at the cinema or cliffhangers in TV serial turn The enigma is a multipurpose narrative device to keep the ref interested by whetting his relish to find out more (magazine await covers are another good example of enigma code Work as narrative in the sense of offering a frozen moment. We are invited to compete in our minds what happened before and after the frozen moment Narrative can be utter to organize the consort of info on the page, determining how we read the textEnigma code Roland Barthes has defined the key narrative device as enigma code, use to guess the next piece of information to be reveled Think of trailers at the cinema or cliffhangers in TV serial drama The en igma is a useful narrative device to keep the ref interested by whetting his appetite to find out more (magazine front covers are another example of enigma code Work as narrative in the sense of offering a frozen moment. We are invited to compete in our minds what happened before and after the frozen moment Narrative can be said to organize the flow of info on the page, determining how we read the textOn of the essence(p) aspect of the narrative is how the flow of this information is controlled. The flow of this information to the reader is controlled through the headline, the opining paragraph, or intro, the illustration and the outcome.On important aspect of the narrative is how the flow of this information is controlled. The flow of this information to the reader is controlled through the headline, the opining paragraph, or intro, the illustration and the outcome.Three main reasons for studying media narrative. One- it shifts the strain of attention from content to the structu re and process of storytelling Two- it allows us to investigate the similarities and differences in narrative media forms Three-it can reveal how the meanings of the narrative forms relate to the wider disposition of social antecedent Three main reasons for studying media narrative.One- it shifts the focus of attention from content to the structure and process of storytelling Two- it allows us to investigate the similarities and differences in narrative media forms Three-it can reveal how the meanings of the narrative forms relate to the wider disposition of social power ADRIAN TILLY argues that although story telling often appears invisible, it is in fact a complex process He points out narrative is an important part of our socialization as it moderates our behavior The nature of media narrative and their relation to our social study situations is the object of narrative study. ADRIAN TILLY argues that although story telling often appears invisible, it is in fact a complex process He points out narrative is an important part of our socialization as it moderates our behavior The nature of media narrative and their relation to our social study situations is the object of narrative study.PARADIGM SHIFT FROM A reasonable WORLD PARADIGM TO A NARRATIVE ONE NARRATIVE PARDIGM discerning WORLD PARADIGM-people are essentially storytellers-we make decision on the basis of good reasons, which vary depending on the communication situation -history, biography, culture, and address determine what we consider good reasons-narrative cerebrality is determined by viscidity and fidelity of our stories-the world is a set of stories from which we choose, and thus constantly re-create, our lives (a divinatory framework that views narrative as basis of all human communication) -people are essentially rational-we make decision on basis of arguments -the types of speaking situation determines the course of our arguments-rationality is determined by how much we know and how well we argue-the world is a set of logical puzzles that we can solve through rational analysis(a scientific approach to knowledge that assumes people are logical, making decisions on the basis of evidence and arguments) encoding and decodingOne of the key issues in audience studies, concern the relationship between manufacturing business, text, and audience This equation is about a balance of power assessing the extent to which audiences are influenced by media text and what extent they appropriate them in ways quite different to the producers intentions convert and decodingOne of the key issues in audience studies, concern the relationship between producer, text, and audience This equation is about a balance of power assessing the extent to which audiences are influenced by media text and what extent they appropriate them in ways quite different to the producers intentionsMeaning structures oneMeaning structures oneMeaning structures 2Meaning structures twoStuart anterooms Encodin g/Decoding modelIn the diagram, he represents the two sidesEncoding, which is the domain of the producerDecoding, the domain of the audienceThe process of communicating a inwardness requires that it be encoded in such a way that the murderer of the mental object is able to decoded Ex. Televisual message is encoded through the use of camera technology, patrimonial as a signal and then decoded using a tv set if you do not have a TV you take overt have the means to understand One reason that the encoded and decoded messages whitethorn not be the same is the capacity of the audience to vary its result to media messageStuart Halls Encoding/Decoding modelIn the diagram, he represents the two sidesEncoding, which is the domain of the producerDecoding, the domain of the audienceThe process of communicating a message requires that it be encoded in such a way that the receiver of the message is able to decoded Ex. Televisual message is encoded through the use of camera technology, tran smitted as a signal and then decoded using a television set if you do not have a TV you dont have the means to understand One reason that the encoded and decoded messages may not be the same is the capacity of the audience to vary its response to media messageWhy the audience vary in response to media message?Because they are influenced by their social position, gender, age, ethnicity, occupation, experience, beliefs, where they are, what they are doing, when they receive a message Hall categorised three kinds of audience responseDominant- the audience check up on with the dominant values expressed within the preferred reading of the text Negotiated- the audience broadly agree with the dominant values expressed within the preferred reading but they may disagree with certain aspects fit in to their social compass Oppositional- the audience dis agree with dominant values expressed within the preferred reading of the text One concept that has been challenged after by theorists i s the ideal of preferred reading This refers to the way the encoder would prefer the audience to interpret a media message, above all other possible readings. However, it could be argued that some texts are deliberately created to remain open interpretationWhy the audience vary in response to media message?Because they are influenced by their social position, gender, age, ethnicity, occupation, experience, beliefs, where they are, what they are doing, when they receive a message Hall categorised three kinds of audience responseDominant- the audience agree with the dominant values expressed within the preferred reading of the text Negotiated- the audience generally agree with the dominant values expressed within the preferred reading but they may disagree with certain aspects according to their social background Oppositional- the audience dis agree with dominant values expressed within the preferred reading of the text One concept that has been challenged subsequently by theorists i s the notion of preferred reading This refers to the way the encoder would prefer the audience to interpret a media message, above all other possible readings. However, it could be argued that some texts are deliberately created to remain open interpretation